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Quiz Chapter 2: Matter and Atomic Structure

10 questions · Form 4 Chemistry Bab 2: Matter and Atomic Structure

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. What is defined as the total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus?

  1. Proton number
  2. Isotope index
  3. Electron configuration
  4. Nucleon number
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Answer: D

Nucleon number (mass number) is the sum of protons and neutrons present in an atom's nucleus.

2. Which radioisotope is widely used in medical therapy to destroy cancer cells?

  1. Phosphorus-32
  2. Sodium-24
  3. Cobalt-60
  4. Americium-241
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Answer: C

Cobalt-60 emits gamma rays used in radiotherapy to destroy cancerous cells.

3. Which state of matter features particles that vibrate and rotate about fixed, locked positions?

  1. Solid
  2. Liquid
  3. Gas
  4. Plasma
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Answer: A

In solids, particles are closely packed in fixed orderly lattices, restricting movement to vibration and rotation on fixed points.

4. What is the physical process name when a gas converts directly into a solid without becoming a liquid?

  1. Sublimation
  2. Condensation
  3. Evaporation
  4. Deposition
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Answer: D

Deposition is the direct phase change from gas to solid.

5. What happens to the kinetic energy of liquid particles when a liquid is cooled down to its freezing point?

  1. Kinetic energy increases
  2. Kinetic energy decreases
  3. Kinetic energy remains infinitely maximum
  4. Kinetic energy converts directly into light
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Answer: B

Cooling reduces temperature, which directly lowers the average kinetic energy of the particles.

6. Which pair of atoms represents isotopes of the same element?

  1. Carbon-12 and Carbon-14
  2. Carbon-12 and Nitrogen-14
  3. Sodium-23 and Magnesium-24
  4. Oxygen-16 and Nitrogen-14
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Answer: A

Isotopes are atoms of the same element (same proton number = 6 for carbon) with different nucleon numbers (12 and 14).

7. Who proposed the atomic model showing electrons moving in specific, designated shells around a positive nucleus?

  1. John Dalton
  2. Niels Bohr
  3. J.J. Thomson
  4. Ernest Rutherford
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Answer: B

Niels Bohr improved Rutherford's model by introducing fixed electron shells/energy levels surrounding the nucleus.

8. Which isotope is utilized by archaeologists to determine the age of ancient organic fossils?

  1. Uranium-235
  2. Iodine-131
  3. Carbon-14
  4. Phosphorus-32
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Answer: C

Carbon-14 radiocarbon dating measures the decay of carbon-14 in formerly living organic matter.

9. Which subatomic particle has a relative charge of -1 and negligible relative mass?

  1. Proton
  2. Neutron
  3. Positron
  4. Electron
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Answer: D

An electron carries a charge of -1 and has a tiny relative mass of 11840.

10. What radioisotope is commonly applied to track underground pipe leaks in industrial operations?

  1. Sodium-24
  2. Cobalt-60
  3. Americium-241
  4. Uranium-238
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Answer: A

Sodium-24 is a short-lived radioactive tracer injected into pipes to locate underground leaks.

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